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Covenants Of The Bible, There Are Many Covenants - 2047 Words

In the Bible, there are many covenants. Through a series of covenants, God enters into people’s life and brings people together. The idea of the covenant has been described by Hugenberger as follows: â€Å"A covenant, in its normal sense, is an elected, as opposed to natural, relationship of obligation under oath.† (Jefferey 10) His definition follows that of Mendenhall, who defines covenant more broadly as a â€Å"solemn promise made binding by an oath, which may be either a verbal formula or a symbolic oath.† (Jefferey 10)Like a covenant, a contract is also a binding agreement between two parties that spells out the conditions and obligations of each party, and it also represents commitments, promises and obligations. Although covenants from God, which appear in both the Old and New Testaments, share similar traits with modern treaties or contracts, God’s covenants are still far more important and powerful than any modern treaty or contract. This will be proven by explaining covenants, more specifically, its origins, the traits involved, and how they differ from modern day contracts and treaties. First of all, covenants and contracts come from different origins. One is created by the supreme leader of the world - God; the other is originated from ordinary humankind. The idea of the contract evolves out of human institutions, but the idea of the covenant is rooted in the very nature of God. The stories in the Bible which speaks about the covenants give us anShow MoreRelatedEssay on Covenant Throughout The Old and New Testaments1319 Words   |  6 Pages Those contracts took on many forms and different customs were associated with each. These contracts also called covenants and have many different uses and meanings throughout the bible. Some commitments made in these covenants had been accompanied by self-maledictory oaths or curses that would have been implemented if the covenants were violated (New International Version 25). There are numerous ways to translate the word covenant, and many different types of covenants that are in use throughoutRead MoreThe Old Testament: The Five Covenants Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pagesword ‘covenant’ is, in the Old Testament, it is the Hebrew word ‘berith’ and is used many times in different texts. Some scholars my say that the word covenants is hard to find a true meaning. You will hear the word covenant throughout the Old Testament. I think sometimes when we hear the word covenant only one or two covenants come to mind. There are many covenants throughout the Bible. I will attempt to define and explain five covenants. These five covenants are: Noahic Covenant, AbrahamicRead MoreResearch Paper1634 Words   |  7 Pages A covenant is a promise or an agreement with binding obligations. (Arnold) In relations to the Bible it signifies God’s pledge to bless mankind. The characteristics of a covenant are such that they are irreversible and permanently binding. The Bible contains many covenants, most of which are contained in the Old Testament. One of which is prophesized in the Old Testament, and for Christians the promise is fulfilled in the New Testament. The major covenants in the Bible are the NoahicRead MoreThe Idea Of A Covenant1706 Words   |  7 PagesMany people have a different understanding of what the word â€Å"covenant† truly is but to the Catholic Church, it only has one correct meaning. According to the Catholic teaching, a covenant is said to be a binding agreement between man and God in which you cannot break. It is something not to be taken lightly but rather to heart however it is often compared to a contract which many feel are not similar in any form. With this i n mind, the purpose of this paper is to examine the notion of a covenantRead MoreCommon Biblical Theme1333 Words   |  6 Pagestheme of the Bible? If so how did you answer that question? My response to this question would be that we all must consider the fundamentals of the Bible. If the Bible is truly one book, the answer would have to be yes. This is most certainly the answer of Christian people from many places. Places with different languages, and a culture in which, for almost 2000 years, have continued to proclaim that the Bible is a revelation from God, our Heavenly Father. When looking through the Bible, you willRead MoreAnalysis Of The Bible : Course Facilitator Essay1160 Words   |  5 Pagesto interpret the Bible, however, there are many incorrect ways and much arguing over who is more correct. Most of this has to do with Satanists who go incognito as Christians in order to mislead man away from God. Many sincere people fall prey to these Satanists incognito, and through the sincerity of their belief, persuade others that their misunderstanding is the correct way. Do not trust a person s sincerity. Read the Bible and pray to God for understanding and read the Bible again. It helpsRead MoreThe Religion Of The Bible1537 Words   |  7 Pagesthings that has helped us to teach in order to grow has been the Covenant Affirmations. One affirmation, the centrality of the Scripture, has been at the core of our ministry at Elements. We have always stood upon the belief that the Bible is the ultimate source on Christian living. This was our stance even before we affiliated with the Evangelical Covenant Church. The Bible stands alone in this area. At our church, the Bible is the center of our preaching, teaching and small groups. Our smallRead More Promises To Keep Essay1279 Words   |  6 PagesPromises To Keep The covenant has been a major theme in the books of Genesis and Exodus. A covenant is an agreement between two parties, which is not intended to be broken. On several occasions, God has established a covenant with certain people in order to bless them. In return, they would love, serve, and obey Him as their one true God. The first major covenant God made was with Noah. During Noah’s time, the world became a haven of wickedness in a multitude of ways. God’s heart was grievedRead MoreCovenant Theology: The Relationship of the Jewish People to God and Israel764 Words   |  3 PagesCovenant theology: The relationship of the Jewish people to God and Israel In the Torah, the bond between Israel and God is negotiated in terms of a covenant, or a legal obligation. The relation of man to the Deity was also conceived of in Biblical times as a covenant concluded by God with certain men or nations, from which all laws derived their sanctity and perpetuity. God, when creating the heavens and the earth, made a covenant with them to observe the rules of day and night (Covenant, 1906Read MoreAbrahamic Covenant of Grace Essay1231 Words   |  5 PagesCOVENANT OF GRACE The New Testament portion of the Bible is widely accepted as the book of hope, grace, love and forgiveness. However, the Old Testament also provides evidence of God’s grace and love for his people. Richard Dawkins opposes this view of the Old Testament God .Richard Dawkins in his book, The God of Delusion states that the God of the Old Testament is a God who is unjust, unforgiving, and vindictive amongst many other negative human nature attributes. Richard Dawkins view of God

The Natural Cycle of Humanity and the Decay of Modern Society in The Wasteland Free Essays

There is no romance, no passion, only a mundane circular sequence of events, â€Å"crowds of people, walking round in a ring† (56). In The Wasteland, by T. S. We will write a custom essay sample on The Natural Cycle of Humanity and the Decay of Modern Society in The Wasteland or any similar topic only for you Order Now Eliot, the society of the twentieth century is described as detached, dreary and monotonous. It is a collection of dysfunctional relationships and tedious tasks, saturated with an anxiety about death. There is a parallel between the atrophy of society and the land destroyed during the Second World War. To escape a routine and apathetic existence, humans strive for the unattainable, to overcome the limits of humanity. However any departure from the natural cycle of the human world leads to the emergence of the wasteland. Although death haunts the speakers in the poem, it is liberation in comparison to the horror of the wasteland. There is persistent angst and fear of death in the poem, yet death is everywhere. The many speakers in the poem wish for immortality and to overcome the confines of humanity. In â€Å"The Burial of the Dead† the woman, anxious about her fate, goes to see the fortune-teller, Madame Sosostris, who pulls out the â€Å"Hanged Man† tarot card and warns her to â€Å"fear death by water† (55). The fortune-teller’s words reoccur later in â€Å"Death by Water†, a description of the grotesque death of â€Å"Phlebas the Phoenician. † His death, symbolized by â€Å"the whirlpool,† confirms that there is no regeneration; there is no return from â€Å"the whirlpool. † The realization of the fortune implies that fate cannot be defeated. In â€Å"What the Thunder Said† Eliot again states that there is no escape from death: â€Å"He who was living in now dead/ We who are living are now dying† (328-329). In â€Å"The Burial of the Dead† the speaker desires to abandon memories, he describes spring as cruel; it causes sorrowful memories to resurface, while â€Å"winter kept us warm/ covering Earth in forgetful snow† (5-6). What he does not realize is that human existence is a collection of fragments that distinct memories in an ongoing cycle, illustrated in the first stanza of â€Å"The Burial of the Dead. † Abandonment of memories leads to a futile existence. The wasteland first appears in the second stanza of â€Å"The Burial of the Dead† contrasting the first stanza, which is full of life and memories. The narrator is separated from the natural course of existence and is addressing a person of the human world, â€Å"Son of man (†¦ ) for you only know a heap of broken images† (20-23). The listener is part of the human cycle, he is still part of time: â€Å"Your shadow at morning striding behind you/ Or your shadow rising to meet you† (28-29). He does not understand the true fear that comes once time ceases to exist the way the speaker does: â€Å"I will show you fear in a handful of dust† (30). The speaker has disconnected from society and drifted into the wasteland, suggested by Eliot’s diction: â€Å"stony rubbish†, â€Å"dead tree†, â€Å"dry stone†, â€Å"dust†. Only there has he discovered the true meaning of fear; an unearthly abyss. The wasteland is a situation or a place more terrifying than human imagination can conceive. It is complete emptiness, devoid of the structures of person, place and time. Without time memories become meaningless repetitions and cease to exist. The epigram at the beginning of the poem introduces the immortal character Sibyl. Sybil is detached from the rest of the world by her cursed immortality and lives withering away and shriveled up, longing for death, the only escape from her suffering. The other immortal character in the poem, Tiresias, is â€Å"blind, throbbing between two lives† (line 218), also alienated from the human world, not only by his immortality but also because he is a hermaphrodite. Sybil and Tiresias’s separation from the sequence of life compel them to lead a miserable existence. The voices of these immortal characters portray how only once immortality is experienced can death become a salvation, a place of peace. The modern relationships that Eliot portrays are devoid of love, companionship and desire. The theme â€Å"when love fails, a wasteland develops† is recurring throughout the poem. The author constantly alludes to the legend of the Fisher King. In the legend, The Fisher King was hurt and became impotent and ill, disabling him to care for his kingdom. He was left alone to lead a meaningless life, fishing. Without his love the land deteriorated, lost its fertility and perished into the wasteland. Similarly, in the modern society, alienation from the natural world and a depletion of love leads to decay. The woman in â€Å"A Game of Chess† attempts to speak to her significant other, distressed about their relationship. She pleads with him to stay with her, to speak to her and to share his thoughts with her (111-113). He is detached, remaining silent and thinking only of death. The man has separated from humanity while the woman remains part of the cyclical existence. The couple remains together yet their relationship has become a wasteland; there is nothing between them. In â€Å"A Game of Chess†, Lil and Albert’s relationship is presented though a conversation in a pub. Lil is revolting to Albert, he tells her that he cannot even bare to look at her (144). Lil’s body is disintegrating, a consequence of the pills, given to her by the pharmacist, that she took to induce an abortion. They caused her to drastically age and lose her teeth. Lil’s desire to not have children is portrayed as unnatural, â€Å"What you get married for it you don’t want children? † (164). Lil’s actions lead to her body becoming a wasteland. The encounter between the banker and the typist in â€Å"The Fire Sermon† again manifests the absence of love. Their meeting is solely sexual and devoid of any feelings. Even the sex holds no pleasure and is non-reproductive. The woman is indifferent to their relations and upon his departure thinks: â€Å"Well now that’s over: and I’m glad it’s over† (252), as if she had completed another chore. These series of affairs reflect the atmosphere of the society, the lack of intimacy and the disconnection of human relations. The wasteland is a consequence of the failure to care, to love, to give birth and to partake in the cycle. T. S Eliot creates a parallel between the wretched land of the Fisher King and the slaughter, destruction and ruin created by World War II. The barren landscape left by World War II reflects the inner decay of humanity the same way the sterile land of the Fisher King is an outward projection of his inner sickness. The desolate landscape of the wasteland described in the beginning of the poem, returns along with the character of the Fisher King. Eliot describes the miserable condition of the wasteland, sterile, dry and unbearable. He creates a surreal image of a desert â€Å"mountains of rock without water†, â€Å"endless plains†, â€Å"cracked earth† (370), and â€Å"bats with baby faces in the violet light† (380). This place transforms into the barren kingdom of the Fisher King, suggested by â€Å"the empty chapel†, which is an allusion to the Chapel Perilous. In the legend of the Holy Grail, Parsifal found the Holy Grail in the Chapel Perilous and life returned to the land. However, in the empty chapel in the poem there are only â€Å"dry bones†, signifying that vitality will not return to the land like it does in the legend. Instead society continues to decay illustrated in the line â€Å"London Bridge is falling down† (427). In reality there is no Holy Grail, there is no change: â€Å"I sat upon the shore/ Fishing with the arid plain behind me† (424-425). The banal, circular sequence of human life continues. Eliot explores the themes of life, death, immortality and alienation throughout The Wasteland. These themes are examined in various historical contexts, from ancient myths to the modern society and tied together by the immortal characters, Sibyl and Tiresias. Disconnected by the varying historical context and the many narrators, T. S. Eliot’s style of writing in The Wasteland mirrors the disintegrated moments that give meaning to human life. Human life is cyclical, routine and mundane with memories as the only specks of color on an otherwise gray canvas. Death is not an ending; it is only part of the cycle. Immortality, the desire to forget and deprivation of emotion and of love are unnatural and create a partition from the human world where the wasteland appears. Modern Society consists of failed relationships and hollow humans existing in the â€Å"Unreal City. † Its loss of fertility and love results in the emergence of a wasteland. How to cite The Natural Cycle of Humanity and the Decay of Modern Society in The Wasteland, Papers

Shylock Diary Entry free essay sample

The bond state, I can take pound of flesh from any part of his body. Also the bond was sealed today with his blood. It is like father Abraham laid mercy on me by giving this chance, a chance to make revenge on Christians and Antonio. Oh, the name Antonio angers me , he the one who called me a dog, spat on me in the Rialto and called me unbeliever and his reasons is that I am Jew. When the day comes in three months from now and he can’t pay the three thousand ducats. I will say to him look to your bond!!! I will not give mercy for him. In the other hand maybe if I do lay mercy on him and , if all ships does not come back in three months and thus Bassanio won Portia’s hand in marriage , I can get the money that they owe thrice as much. We will write a custom essay sample on Shylock Diary Entry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also, if neither that happens I can make them my slaves for life because I’m see as a fiend or a devil. He hates me because I am Jew and I lend money with interest. What I his problem with us Jew, we are human like them. In an instance if you poison a Jew and a Christian both of them will die. What else then he expect me to do if I don’t lend money; Jews are only entitled as professional bankers. We can’t own land, we could not seek for any other jobs and we are mistreated and their reason is that we are a Jew. Is it because we can’t accept their god and entitle him like another prophet or is it because a Jew killed Jesus who is also a Jew? O father Abraham helped me have peace of mind Launcelot is giving me headache, how slow is he. I know need to know need to go cause I might loss more money if I do not go now. July 29 1601 Today my servant Lancealot, Gobbo’s son informed me that he wants to serve Bassanio. He who is a Christian that borrowed money from me and used Antonio as a bond. Oh, that little merry devil will indeed will leave me today. He says Bassanio is giving out new uniform for his new servants that are going to Belmont with him to woo Portia. Ay, what a proud, they borrowed money from me and not only that they took my servant , also with the money theyve borrowed. Gladly, oh dear to hear, Lancealot also informed me that Bassanio, is celebrating a feast to night ,indeed. I did not thought that three thousand will washed away this easily, oh my, my , I forget that Bassanio is on the line here. Bassanio who live the high life with out his reach . the one who owe money to everyone to a lot of people . what a truly wasteful man he is. Tonight I will see him throw away his money that might guarantee me more money of revenge!!. I just feel disgusted that they only invited me to flatter me . also , I don’t want to go because last night I dream of money bags and I feel something fishy will happen tonight by that I may regret . tonight ill just go to see Bassanio waste his money

Ritz Organizational Management and Management Analysis free essay sample

How has the Ritz emphasized quality?Ritz-Carlton emphasized quality by ensuring customer satisfaction through premium customer service including distinctive facilities and unusual environment, highly personalized services, and exceptional food and beverage. To achieve these, it carefully selects and trains its employees and reinforces its employee improvement program through recognition of superior individual performance.How has the Ritz benefited from its quality initiatives?With its quality initiatives, The Ritz not only won 121 quality-related awards and earned the industry best-ranking by all three major hotel-rating organizations, but most importantly, it gained competitive advantage in the industry. Particularly, high customer satisfaction which resulted to strong patronage of its hotels (as evidenced by its 240,000 repeat customers) is the most important benefit that the hotel gained from its quality initiatives. Discuss the Ritz in light of Deming’s fourteen points.Among Deming’s 14 points on Total Quality Management, I would like to cite 3 points that The Ritz exemplified. We will write a custom essay sample on Ritz: Organizational Management and Management Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page First is the institution of vigorous program of education and self-improvement for each and everyone in the company. Employees are trained, empowered and made them committed to its â€Å"Gold Standards.† In fact, its employees receive 126 hours of annual training on quality issues an initiative, perhaps unparalleled in the industry. This commitment to empower employees also relates to another point of Total Quality Management: constant and forever improvement of every process of planning, production and service. This is also reinforced by the weekly meetings of the senior management quality team which reviews performance and sets standards. Lastly, by putting everybody in the company to work in accomplishing the transformation, The Ritz introduced participatory executive leadership, thorough gathering and coordinated planning and execution. Every employee is given total authority to do what it takes to satisfy customer needs without waiting for management directions.What else could the Ritz do to improve quality?To improve quality, perhaps The Ritz could institute is the removal of barriers that rob people in management and in engineering of their right to pride of workmanship.

Free Essays on Marx Weber

Review From Marx Weber: essays in sociology, ‘politics as a vocation’ (396-450) Author Marx Weber, Hans h Gert (Originally a speech at Munich University, 1918, originally published in 1919.) The article I have chosen to review is one of the public lectures Weber gave in 1918, just after Germany had been defeated in World War 1. The lecture is both interesting but also frustrating, it is challenging because of the range of ideas used and at times, I often found the reading of the lecture hard not to put down, Max Weber did not make it easy for his readers. However all that a side after a few more reads I eventually grasped his ideas, which could be open to great interpretations. Many would argue that Weber’s political insights during his lifetime is an outdated text as he relied perhaps too much on Roberts Michel’s study of the German social democrats. I guess it’s my turn to decide if this is the case, is there still any relevance of his work to today’s contemporary society through this review. ‘Politics as a Vocation’ is a pretty wide ranging essay – He provides the reader with the working mechanisms of politics; he talks about political journalism and different kinds of party organizations, beginning with the feudal parties of the Middle Ages to the Guelphs and Ghibbilines, ranging through the development of the English and American party systems, to Germany. Then he comes to the questions of ‘what inner enjoyments can this career (of a professional politician) offer, and what personal conditions are presupposed for one who enters this avenue? I was actually surprised with his depth of knowledge of politics; it was just not confined to Western Europe but also beyond the usual boundaries of most sociologist thought. In turn providing great analogies from across the globe, this then led to rich cultural thought and interpretations of political thought and comparisons. His work is quite... Free Essays on Marx Weber Free Essays on Marx Weber Review From Marx Weber: essays in sociology, ‘politics as a vocation’ (396-450) Author Marx Weber, Hans h Gert (Originally a speech at Munich University, 1918, originally published in 1919.) The article I have chosen to review is one of the public lectures Weber gave in 1918, just after Germany had been defeated in World War 1. The lecture is both interesting but also frustrating, it is challenging because of the range of ideas used and at times, I often found the reading of the lecture hard not to put down, Max Weber did not make it easy for his readers. However all that a side after a few more reads I eventually grasped his ideas, which could be open to great interpretations. Many would argue that Weber’s political insights during his lifetime is an outdated text as he relied perhaps too much on Roberts Michel’s study of the German social democrats. I guess it’s my turn to decide if this is the case, is there still any relevance of his work to today’s contemporary society through this review. ‘Politics as a Vocation’ is a pretty wide ranging essay – He provides the reader with the working mechanisms of politics; he talks about political journalism and different kinds of party organizations, beginning with the feudal parties of the Middle Ages to the Guelphs and Ghibbilines, ranging through the development of the English and American party systems, to Germany. Then he comes to the questions of ‘what inner enjoyments can this career (of a professional politician) offer, and what personal conditions are presupposed for one who enters this avenue? I was actually surprised with his depth of knowledge of politics; it was just not confined to Western Europe but also beyond the usual boundaries of most sociologist thought. In turn providing great analogies from across the globe, this then led to rich cultural thought and interpretations of political thought and comparisons. His work is quite...

BizCafe Weekly Business Review #4 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BizCafe Weekly Business Review #4 - Coursework Example The checkbook balance stands at $904.67, meaning that the business is not all drained up, but still has some revenues in the business account. The cafà © is however not operating at a loss as deposits outweighs the payments made. The net income has dropped to $13, 136.23 as compared to the previous week, which indicated the net income at $13,247.48. This could be as a result of added expanses since we had to hire another server and also part with $500 for the espresso damage. The local labor reports indicate a drop in the turnover rate, which currently stands at 13.6%; this is a great relief to the business as the previous week was harsh where one server quit, therefore inconveniencing the operations and additional expenses were incurred in recruiting of another server. The customer’s survey indicates an increase in customer satisfaction from 54% to 55%. This could have been determined by a number of reasons - great service, friendly prices, and the great coffee offered. This is as per the customer’s suggestions. According to Cochran (2003, p.2), customer satisfaction should be a priority for any business, as the customers determine the sales to be made, depending on their turn up. Satisfied customers will market the business to their friends, hence achieving customer loyalty, which increases profitability and productivity of a business. In the previous week, the management decided not to consider renovation of the cafà © as the customer’s suggestions indicated that they appreciated the current state of the cafà ©. In addition, no costs were incurred, as our aim is to minimize on costs and maximize on returns. In addition, we have agreed to a live entertainment from a local jazz band, which will not charge us. This strategy aims at attracting customers by adding a remedy to their coffee, which is music. At the same time, we will increase profitability

Did Lebanon fall apart in the 1970s and 1980s because of the Essay

Did Lebanon fall apart in the 1970s and 1980s because of the Arab-Israeli conflict - Essay Example The Arab-Israeli conflict had a direct hand in the political instability which developed in Lebanon since, as an Arab country, it came to be pulled into the conflict.i Lebanon, in an attempt to show solidarity with the Palestinians because of Israeli occupation got themselves in the wars, which the Arab states of Jordan, Egypt, and Syria launched against Israel. Despite the fact that the Lebanese army did not do much during this conflict and its success was minimal, it came to become one of the havens for the Palestinian liberation movements. While these groups were provided with a safe haven in Lebanon, their strength within the country grew so much that they started getting involved in the local political affairs. The arrival of these groups as well as the influx of Palestinian refugees increased the sectarian tensions, which were lurking just beneath the surface of the Lebanese society. One of the most significant events that developed from the Arab-Israeli conflict and came to be a contributing factor in the destabilization of Lebanon is that which led to the Black September in Jordan.ii When the Jewish state was formed in 1948, the remaining Palestinian territories came under the control of Jordan and Egypt, with the former occupying the West Bank for maintaining its own security. Jordan had quite a large number of Palestinian refugees, who formed about half of its population, and when it occupied the West Bank, the Palestinian population doubled to form one third of the total Jordanian population. This country suddenly found itself in a situation where its native population had become a ruling minority. This situation inevitably led to a conflict between the two groups that formed the population of Jordan, especially when the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) established itself within the country. Black September is the conflict, which arose between the Jordanian government of King Hussein, and the

The implications of erecting additional Transmission Lines in New Assignment

The implications of erecting additional Transmission Lines in New Zealand by Transpower - Assignment Example It, therefore, runs the national conveying grid for the country (MacInnes, 2011). The national grid is a centralized system that allows proper and organized distribution of power to the New Zealand inhabitants with reliability. The system is such that it regulates the conveyance of electricity and prevents exploitation of people (Action, 2011). The current state law disallows any attempts by the company to exploit people. This regulation is present in the commerce act, which commenced early last year. The New Zealand regime has a responsibility of conducting a review after a specified period, which aims at ensuring proper power prices (MacInnes, 2011). Through the mandate allowed to the company by the country government, Transpower performed distribution of electricity. The company improved efficiency of power conveyance in the country. The regime allows a regulated a mount of revenue collection by the company by performing desired controls (Action, 2011). In order for the company to perform well, it seeks assistance from the government. The government at times offers financial assistance to the company to aid the widening of the national grid. The company provides succinct plans for improving the national grade, which earns it a government endorsement for collecting revenue. The plans must be convincing to the government to allow the request that the company presents (MacInnes, 2011). 2.0 Overview of the national grid of New Zealand Figure 1: The electricity grid in rural New Zealand, Retrieved on 6Th May 2012 from Transpower company owns the grid which is over 11000 Km in length. It conveys lines having high current plus voltage. The power conveyance in the entire country occurs via over 175 stations constructed by Transpower Company at different areas (Luke, Kearins & Verreynne, 2010). The construction of the stations is strategic in order to serve the needs of the population in different regions. Since the source of power is hydroelectric, stations for pro ducing electricity are evident near large water bodies, usually, in the southern regions of New Zealand (Luke et al., 2010). The northern parts of New Zealand have a higher power need than other regions hence long distance conveyance is evident. Covering the distance from the south to the northern regions is expensive. However, the commercial commission works in conjunction with the Transpower Company in order to perform proper plans for conveying electricity to needing areas (Action, 2011). Figure 2: Te Uku wind power project near Hamilton, New Zealand, Retrieved on 6Th May 2012 from 2.1 Background of power generation in New Zealand In New Zealand, the first power station lied in Bullendale region near Otago. There existed a mining centre in the region, which the power generation aimed to serve (Luke et al., 201

Net Neutrality and Freedom on the Internet

Net Neutrality and Freedom on the Internet Net Neutrality: The end of internet freedom The internet has been one of the greatest technological advances ever seen in the last 40 years. It has opened the doors to many new advances in many other fields and has changed the way the world works today. Now, the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) and the government have decided that they need to regulate it. In theory, the regulation they would like to put in place seems like a good idea. The regulation they are putting in place is called net neutrality and it is supposed to do three things. The three things that net neutrality aims to do is no blocking, no throttling, and no paid prioritization. These all seem like good ideas and they are, the only problem is what must be sacrificed in order for the government to ensure these regulations are enforced. Net Neutrality laws should be removed so the internet can continue to grow. The first new rule of Net Neutrality is no blocking. According to CNET, this means that the ISP (Internet Service Provider) cannot block access of any legal content, services, or applications. The key here is what does the government consider legal. People would be surprised how much of what they view online each day may not be considered legal by the government. Another problem with the government blocking access to these certain website and services is that in order for them to block someone from visiting an illegal site or service, they must be monitoring them all the time. If someone is not being monitored, they could just as easily visit that site or service as they could before. So, by making strict new rules to block any illegal content, the FCC will always be monitoring everything that everyone is doing online. This will give the government a whole new level of access to peoples’ personal lives and nothing will be completely private anymore. Another common happening to day is networks and systems being hacked (Science Alert). This requires very fast implementation of new security methods and protocols to prevent mass hacking. So, what happens when the government is going to be involved with the ISP’s? Every time an ISP needs to do a network update, it will likely need to be approved by the government first in order to make sure that it is still complying with the no blocking rules. That way, an ISP could not secretly start blocking a service without the FCC being aware of it. As can be demonstrated by how fast and efficient a post office works, the government is not very fast in what it does, this means that if a new network vulnerability is found, it is possible that in the time it takes for the government to look over and approve the update, a hacker or group of hackers could have already hacked into the network and start stealing information from millions of people. How could this be improved? The answer is no blocking, period. ISPâ€⠄¢s simply do not need to block any content of any kind unless their own system detects that it is a threat. Using this method, it would allow all content to be available to everyone just as most people are used to now. However, with an automated threat detector, it would make the internet safer as well and less vulnerable to viruses and other hacking threats. This is basically how the internet works right now. Essentially, the government does not need to fix what is not broken already. Nonetheless, the government does not want things to be that simple. The reasoning behind their no blocking policy is not to protect people from the big evil internet service providers, but rather it is so that no one is downloading or viewing anything illegal (Wired). Otherwise, the government would have little interest in the no blocking policy. This is simply a way for them to get their foot in the door to block people from doing anything they determine to be illegal on the internet. Here are some examples of illegal things that most people do every day on the internet and dont even realize its illegal. For examples, it is illegal to fake a name online, it is illegal to use ad blocking software, and it is illegal to save pictures from the internet because they are someone elses property. People view lots of illegal content on YouTube all the time and one of the more ridiculous things that is illegal to do online is to post anyone singing happy birthday because it is a copyrighted s ong. If this rule of Net Neutrality were to be kept, many of the freedoms that people are able to experience online today would be gone. No more happy birthday videos on YouTube. The next rule that Net Neutrality will enforce is no throttling. This means that ISP’s cannot slow down or speed up certain services as long as they are legal (USA Today). This comes back again to the issue of what does the government consider legal on the internet. The real point here, though, is that an ISP should not be able to slow down a certain service because they use a lot of bandwidth or if they are providing content that the ISP does not agree with. An example of this throttling happening is if someone were trying to view content on a competitor of the ISP that someone is currently subscribed to. So, if someone on Comcast’s network was trying to view a news story on a website other than NBC (Comcast owns NBC), it is possible that Comcast could throttle them because they are viewing content on a competing news network site. This is where the idea of no throttling is a very good idea, it is not right for one company to throttle data to impair access to a competi tor. However, there is one perspective of throttling that the government does not take into consideration. In some instances, throttling ensures that many people are not impeded by the usage of the few. In other words, a few people could be hogging tons of available bandwidth to access a media intensive site or service while everyone else ends up with reduced speeds and network reliability while they try and do less bandwidth intensive tasks. This has been becoming less of an issue as ISP’s continue to invest in their infrastructure and try to improve total available bandwidth so that more people can be accessing more content at the same time. An example of throttling being necessary, however, was demonstrated when an app on Android became very popular and everyone was using it to communicate, which caused a massive bandwidth problem over the T-Mobile network. In order to keep the network stable so that everyone could still use it in some capacity, T-Mobile had to throttle th e users who were using the communication app. In this case, the needs of the many outweighed the needs of the few. It’s cases like these where throttling can be a necessity in order to maintain network integrity. Netflix has often been the victim of throttling. Almost one third of the internet traffic, today, is from people streaming Netflix (Time). Most networks now have the capability to allow for that. However, a few years ago, when Netflix was starting to become big, this was quite a strain on the current networks and in many cases people would get stuck with buffering because the ISP’s were having to throttle Netflix in order to keep the network in working order. Throttling is a self-solving problem in many ways. If people complain that a service they like is being throttled, then the ISP will have to make improvements to handle the additional traffic and this leads to network improvements and an overall better service. The part that can be an issue is when an ISP tries to throttle a competitor, which is when Net Neutrality could be good. However, this problem as well can be self-solving. If someone is trying to view something from a competitor of the ISP and they keep getting throttled, they will either complain or they will switch ISP’s. This will then force the ISP to stop throttling that site or they will lose customers. So, once again, the problem solves itself without the government needing to intervene. The third rule of Net Neutrality is no paid prioritization. This is meant to prevent any ISP from favoring some legal traffic over other legal traffic that has paid them (Wired). This is often referred to as â€Å"no fast lanes.† The best way to look at this is to think of a highway. Say there are eight lanes to this highway and the speed limit is the same for six of the lanes. However, two of the lanes have a higher speed limit and have less traffic, but they require a toll to use them. This is basically what some ISPs have been doing. They will charge certain companies to use these faster and less congested lanes so that their service is better. The idea behind this third rule of Net Neutrality is that no one gets access to fast lanes and everyone has equal access to everything. In theory, this is a great idea, but the problem here is similar to the problem with the second Net Neutrality rule. If one service is using most of the bandwidth, they should have to pay a premium t o be a drain on the network. When a massive bandwidth using company like Netflix is being used on a network, it is a huge drain on the network and it requires often expensive upgrades to be made in order to handle that new bandwidth demand. These upgrade costs are partly due to the fact that the bandwidth hog is impeding the networks performance, so they should have to pay a premium for a fast lane so that it can offset the cost of network upgrades. This also allows the network to advance and overall advance the way the internet is used. When a new company comes around and starts putting a strain on the network, this makes it so the network needs to be upgraded in order to handle it which leads to an overall better network. If there is no paid prioritization, then ISP’s may not be able to justify the costs associated with making network improvements and then that will lead to an even worse service overall. Thus, the third rule of Net neutrality is also a bad idea as it will c ause the US to fall even farther behind in average internet speeds around the globe. Those were the three main points that the government highlights about Net Neutrality and about how great it is, but what are they hiding? One key detail that they never want to mention to anyone is the fact that they will have control over how the internet is run. They are trying to stop ISP’s from regulating the internet by regulating it themselves. The government isnt exactly well known for providing great regulations, generally they are tedious and time consuming and ultimately pointless. Why should the internet have to move at the same pace as the government? It has cost taxpayers over two billion dollars so far to make the government run healthcare website work, and it still doesnt work properly. From the beginning to the very end of the enrollment period for the healthcare website, it was having tons of problems. Constantly freezing and glutting and kicking people off the server. The same people that developed this system now want to be in charge of how the internet is r egulated and run. It would be only a matter of time before the government wants to further tighten its grip on how the internet is regulated and run. Before too long, they may end up being completely in charge of how the internet works and that will lead to disaster. The internet today is by no means perfect. However, the last thing it needs is a bunch of incompetent politicians in charge of how it works. These are all things that the Net Neutrality bill will secretly allow. Therefore, it was enacted without a proper vote even being taken, it was just suddenly put into place, a bill that as over 300 pages was put into place without anyone even having time to read it. Essentially, it was put into action without anyone even knowing what it all really entailed. A huge right that will be infringed upon by Net Neutrality is everyone’s own right to privacy. Part of the Net Neutrality act allows the government to monitor internet activity. The NSA is a part of the government which allows the NSA to view every bit of activity from everyone on the internet. No one will have any privacy from the government anymore. Any time someone looks at anything on the internet, the NSA can find out about it. This is a huge infringement on a right to privacy from the government. The government knows enough about the citizens of the United States, they dont need to know what size cloths someone wears or that somebody is very interested in funny cat videos. This is just giving the government more control over what people do every day and not allowing them to feel like what they are doing is somewhat private. The argument to this is that once something is on the internet, it never goes away, and anyone can have access to it. That is true, however, with the government monitoring everyone’s activity, it makes it just that much easier for them to keep tabs on people. The other fact is that while what someone posts to the internet is no secret, what they are doing on the internet can still be unknown to many. With the government able to monitor activity through ISP’s, nothing that is done over the internet anymore is private. The government could start monitoring if someone is selling lots of their things on Craigslist and could then audit them if they did not report their profits on their taxes. Technically, profit made even from selling items can be taxed. This will simply reduce the freedom on the internet even more. It’s all just a step closer to complete government control over what everyone does everywhere. In the end, the government is ultimately enacting these new Net Neutrality rules, so they can gain more control over people on the internet. It will give them a whole new level of access and control over everything that everyone is doing. The no blocking policy allows them to control what is displayed on the internet by not blocking things that are legal, but making sure anything they consider illegal is blocked. The no throttling policy will make it so that everyone has an equal playing ground. This will make sure that things people want to be faster are not simply in order to make it equal for everyone. Lastly, not having the paid prioritization could cause the ISP’s to not get enough money to continue making important network improvements that make the internet an overall better place. The government is going to end up holding back the internet and will slow down its evolution. If the government had been in charge of the internet from the beginning, it would be nowhere near as powerful as it is today. E-Mail probably never would have come into existence because it would compete with the Post Office, making the Post Office less profitable. The way the very world today works could have been changed if the government had been in charge from the beginning. Hopefully, in the future, the Net Neutrality laws will be repealed to help the internet grow, not the government. So far, seven ISP’s have filed lawsuits against it, so it is likely that more ISP’s will join together to help ensure that the internet will not become crippled by the government. The government needs the internet, the internet does not need the government. Works Cited Babcock, Grant. Net Neutrality And Obamas Scheme for the Internet Are Lousy Ideas.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reason.com. Reason Foundation, 12 Nov. 2014. Web. Apr. 2015. Beck, Glenn. Tell The FCC To Stay Away From The Internet. Glenn Beck. MERCURY RADIO ARTS, 16 Feb. 2015. Web. Apr. 2015. Berkman, Fran. Net Neutrality Jargon Explained. The Daily Dot. N.p., 25 May 2014. Web.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Apr. 2015. Cobb, Kelly W. Why Net Neutrality and Open Internet Mandates Are Bad for Consumers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Americans for Tax Reforms. Braynard Group, 21 Oct. 2010. Web. Apr. 2015. Dorfman, Jeffrey. Net Neutrality Is A Bad Idea Supported By Poor Analogies. Forbes. Forbes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Magazine, 13 Nov. 2014. Web. Apr. 2015. Gillula, Jeremy. The FCC Is Keeping an Eye on Interconnection, But More Clarity Is Needed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Electronic Frontier Foundation. EFF, 13 Apr. 2015. Web. Apr. 2015. Gross, Grant. Thousands Call on Congress to Overturn Net Neutrality Rules. PCWorld. IDG   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Consumer & SMB, 31 Mar. 2015. Web. Apr. 2015. May, Randolph. Why Net Neutrality Is Incompatible with Internet Freedom CNET. CNET.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   CBS Interactive Inc., 03 Sept. 2012. Web. Apr. 2015. McSherry, Corynne. The FCCs Latest Net Neutrality Proposal: Pros, Cons, and Question   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Marks. Electronic Frontier Foundation. EFF, 13 Feb. 2015. Web. Apr. 2015. Skorup, Brent, and Berin Szoka. Killing Net Neutrality Helps Underdogs Succeed | WIRED.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Wired.com. Conde Nast Digital, 17 Feb. 14. Web. Apr. 2015. Steimle, Joshua. Am I The Only Techie Against Net Neutrality? Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 14   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   May 2014. Web. Apr. 2015. Walker, Bruce E. Net Neutrality Is a Bad Marriage of Government, Internet. Net Neutrality Is a Bad Marriage of Government, Internet. The Heartland Institute, n.d. Web. Apr. 2015.

Tobacco Companies Targeting Young People :: Free Essay Writer

Tobacco Companies Targeting Young People Thesis: Statistics show us that young people are the main target of the tobacco companies. Outline I. Introduction II. Two main companies III. Tobacco industries claims VI. Other problems V. Stopping them from smoking VI. Conclusion Every day, 3,000 kids start smoking, most of them between the ages of 10 and 18. These kids add up to 90 percent of all new smokers (Roberts 38). These statistics show us that young people are the main targets of the tobacco companies. The cigarette manufacturers will deny it, but advertising and promotion play a very important part in making these statistics a reality. The two main companies in this advertising war are Marlboro and Camel. Marlboro uses a western cowboy called the Marlboro Man, while Camel uses Joe Camel, a hip cartoon character. Everywhere you go there is billboards or some other kind of advertisement on these two shady characters. When I say shady, I imply that these characters are not just figures we see but they are traps just waiting to lure the next victim in. As kids look through magazines and see Joe Camel driving a cool car and surrounded by beautiful women they get the idea that in order to be somebody they need to smoke a Camel cigarette. It is not right to prey on young people just because they are unaware of the dangers of smoking. The tobacco industry denies that these symbols target people less than 21 and claim that their advertising goal is simply to promote brand switching and loyalty. Many people disagree with this statement such as Illinois Rep. Richard Durbin who said "If we can reduce the number of young smokers, the tobacco companies will be in trouble and they know it"(Roberts 38). The problem we are facing is not only with the tobacco companies but with the young people also. The reason why I say this is because most youths know that they are being targeted. If these kids realize that the advertising is manipulating them, why do they still smoke? The ads reflect an image of rebellion and fitting in. These are all the things a young person, between childhood and adolescence, needs and desires. This type of advertising, on top of peer pressure, is the mystery behind the rise in adolescent smoking. How do we stop the future of America from smoking? Here are three things that the experts recommend. Try to convince your children that smoking is not cool. Talk to your kids at a young age about the dangers of smoking. Identify family members who smoke and ask them to stop (Thomas 450).

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She has taught us everything we need to be a great researcher including being creative, thinking deeply, and the skills for presenting ideas and writing papers. She is also always approachable, nice, polite, and considerate. She is a perfect role model and we have learned so much from her. Also, we would like to thank our parents for their love and support for our entire life. Last but not least, we would like to thank God, for creating this beautiful universe and giving me this wonderful life.Dedication This research papers, our dedicated to subject professor Ma'am Lea Jason she never failed to guide us, to our family who supports me and my classmates in everything, to my friends who helped me finished this project, to the students know about what adolescence is, how affects one's health, ways to treat it and how to treat the adolescence and most of all to God who gives me and my mates strength and good health while doing this. To all of the adolescence who are in this stage, so tha t they will know how that no matter adolescence are in today, and the ways that adolescence has in the past.I dedicate this research because I want them to know that adolescence can be treated with other and easy way and how they prevent them in this stage. Table of Contents . PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction a. B. State of the Problem Significance of the Study d. Methods and Sources of Data Scope and Delimitation of the Study. E. Definition of Terms Conceptual Frameworks g. II. Summary of Data A Definition B History C Kinds D Benefits Ill. Survey and Questionnaires Profile Background Parents Answers IV. Conclusion V. Appendices A. Outline B. Copy of Questionnaires VI.Bibliography l. Problem and its Background A. Introduction Adolescents is the time where we experience the difference changes or stage that occur in the period of puberty to legal adult hood. All of us experience this period of our live . There a many factors that affect in social changes it is characterized by hysterical environment, population changes, isolation and contact, attitudes and values and technological factors. Adolescents is period where we experience many problems or trials . We develop many skills and talent in this period . It is also the time of maturity. B.Statement of the problem This research was conducted to answer the following question. 1. Specific Problem What is adolescence? B. What are the different kind stage of development? . What are the ages of adolescence? What are the age of adolescence? 2. Major problem a) What are the social changes occur in the brains of adolescents today? C. Significance of the Study This study will benefit the following people. 1 . Student. 2. Parents. 3. Teacher. 4. They will know what are the problem will occur in their life. They will understand why some adolescence were depressed and sad.They will understand whither students sometimes are absent minded. Society. They can be aware to the adolescence and control or avoid the differen t problems. D. Methods and Sources of Data This research was conducted by finding and collecting information by following source. Library to the guide and help our research and give some information. Online Wisped , dictionary, books and module in the Internet. E. Scope Delimitation o f the Study This study focused on the opinion of the students regarding the effects of the different kind of problems. The researchers interviewed new and old students about the problems of adolescence.G. Definition of Terms 1 . Puberty. Is process of physical changes by which a child's body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction to enable fertilization. It is initiated by hormonal signals from the brain to the gonads; the ovaries in a girl, the testes in a boy. In response to the signals, the gonads produce hormones that template libido and the growth, function, and transformation of the brain, bones, muscle, blood, skin, hair, breasts, and sexual organs. 2. Maturity. In psychology, maturity is the ability to respond to the environment in an appropriate manner.This response is generally learned rather than instinctive. Maturity also encompasses being aware of the correct time and place to behave and knowing when to act appropriately, according to the circumstances and the culture of the society one lives in. [l] Adult development and maturity theories include the purpose in life concept, in which maturity emphasizes a clear comprehension of life's repose, directness, and intentionality which, contributes to the feeling that life is meaningful. 3. Attitude. Is an expression of favor or disavow toward a person, place, thing, or event (the attitude object). . Isolation. Solitude, a state of seclusion or isolation, I. E. , lack of contact with people. 5. Adulthood. The period in the human lifespan in which full physical and intellectual maturity have been attained. Adulthood is commonly thought of as beginning at age 20 or 21 years. Middle age, commencing at about 40 years, is followed by old age at about 60 years. G. Conceptual Framework Adolescence A thorough understanding of adolescence in society depends on information from various perspectives, most importantly from the areas of psychology, biology, history, sociology, education, and anthropology.Within all of these perspectives, adolescence is viewed as a transitional period between childhood and adulthood, whose cultural purpose is the preparation of children for adult roles. It is a period of multiple transitions involving education, training, employment and unemployment, as well as transitions from one living circumstance to another. A. Definition Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical and psychological human placement that generally occurs during the performed puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority). This is the process of developing from a child into an adult..Adolescence is a time of many transitions for both teens and their families. B. History Although the first u se of the word â€Å"adolescence† appeared in the 1 5th century and came from the Latin word â€Å"adolescence,† which meant â€Å"to grow up or to grow into maturity' (Learner & Steinberg, 2009, p. L), it wasn't until 1904 that the first president of the American Psychological Association, G. Stanley Hall, was credited with discovering adolescence (Henning, 2010, p. 4). In his study entitled â€Å"Adolescence,† he described this new developmental phase that came about due to social changes at the turn of the 20th century.Because of the influence of Child Labor Laws and universal education, youth had newfound time in their teenage years when the responsibilities of adulthood were not forced upon them as quickly as in the past. Hall did not have a very positive view of this phase, and he believed that society needed to â€Å"burn out the vestiges of evil in their nature† (G. Stanley Hall, 2010). Therefore, adolescence was a time of overcoming one's beast- like impulses as one was engulfed in a period of storm and stress† (Learner &lsraeloff, 2005, p. 4). He identified three key aspects of this phase: mood disruptions, conflict with parents, and risky behavior.Other work appearing in the late asses through the asses in Europe and America helped adolescence emerge as a field of study (important earlier work by Freud, Pigged, Moscow, and Goldberg also addressed stages of development). In BEEP, we were interested in how the work of Erik Erikson related to our work and how it articulated what we knew. Erikson (1959, up. 251-263) described the impact of social experience across the whole lifespan. Erikson looked at life in eight stages. We felt that our age group of 13-23 year-olds actually struggled with the following three stages: Psychosocial Stage 4 – Industry vs..Inferiority, age 5-11. Main Question: Am I successful or not? Through social interactions, children begin to develop a sense of pride in their accomplishments an d abilities. BEEP focus: Competence. Psychosocial Stage 5 – Identity vs.. Confusion, age 12-19. Main Question: Who am I and where am I going? During adolescence, children are exploring their independence and developing a sense of self. Identity formation can take a long time and can lead to an â€Å"Identity Crisis† BEEP focus: Identity. Psychosocial Stage 6 – Intimacy vs.. Isolation, age 20-35. Main Questions: Am I loved and wanted?Should I share my life with someone or live alone? This stage covers the period of early adulthood when people are exploring personal relationships. BEEP focus: Connections. In the chapter â€Å"Developing the BEEP Framework† you will see how these areas of focus contribute directly to building our framework. In 1962, Peter Blobs published a book titled On Adolescence. BIOS, a German-born American child psychoanalyst, was known as Mr.. Adolescence as a result of his research into the problems of teens. His theories described t he conflicts men's have between wanting to break free of their parents and desiring to remain dependent.He popularized the notion that there were two individuation stages in human development. The first occurs when one is a toddler, and the second takes place when one is an adolescent and is finally able to shed family dependencies. Since maturity depends on achieving a degree of independence, it is during adolescence that the â€Å"self† develops. The goal is to be independent and to discover and celebrate one's unique attributes as one develops one's distinct potential. (http:// www. Miscalculation's. Org/services/BEEP_History. SP) C. Age Adolescence has a different age.The following are Early Adolescence and Late Adolescence. 1 . Early Adolescence extends roughly from 12/13 to 16/17 years. 2. Late adolescence covers the period from 17 years to 18/19 years, the age of legal maturity. D. Stages Adolescence has different stage of development. 1 . Rapid physical development. I t is a period of vital physical as well as physiological changes and developments. At this stage, all the external and internal body parts and organs achieve their full form and maturity. 2. Rapid mental development. During the early adolescence period, rapid mental placement occurs.These give rise to the need for later mental adjustments and the necessity for establishing new attitudes, values and interests. The adolescent is mentally alert at this stage. He not only develops not only his intellectual power but also his capacity to critical thinking. 3. Rapid social development. It is a period of social development and adjustment. In this stage, the child enters a new field of social responsibilities. The adolescents become socially conscious, self-assertive, and loyal towards their group, they develop co-operation and friendship and become responsible. . Stage of emotional development.Traditionally adolescence has been thought of as a period of heightened emotionality resulting fr om glandular and other changes. The heightening is characterized by high degree of instability. The adolescents also develop dependency and sometime independence. They also develop some special feelings like – pride, humility, curiosity, guilt, hero-worshipping etc. All these emotions must be properly guided and they should be provided knowledge to control their emotions at this stage. 5. Rapid sexual development. A number of internal and external changes take place n the sexual characteristics of the boys and the girls at the adolescence stage.At the later part of this stage they achieve sexual maturity. 6. Rapid moral development. It is also a period of moral development and changes in morality. Their moral outlook becomes progressively more abstract. Moral convictions become more concerned with What is right' and Justice emerge as a dominant moral force. Their moral Judgment becomes less egocentric at this stage. They develop an attitude towards the service to mankind. E. Kind Social changes can be classified as: 1 . Identity. When asked to describe themselves, very young children tend to mention heir possessions (â€Å"l have a red tricycle†) or their appearances (â€Å"l am tall†).By elementary school, children include social group membership (â€Å"l am a Boy Scout†), relationships (â€Å"l am Amelia's friend†), and some psychological traits (â€Å"l am nice†) in their definitions (Lively & Brimley, 1973). By adolescence, descriptions become more complex. Adolescents realize that who they are might change with different settings or relationships (â€Å"l am shy at school but outgoing with my friends†). They also can imagine who they might be (â€Å"l am going to become a better athlete by practicing harder†).Compared to children in middle childhood, adolescents view themselves in terms of what makes them different or unique from their peers, showing that they value their individuality. Adolescents a lso are capable of reflecting on and evaluating themselves, which leads them to believe that they should be able to make their own decisions and create their own set of values. These changes in thinking about the self are tied to the broader issue of developing an identity, which involves the integration of all the different aspects of the self. Adolescents form their identities by trying on different ideas, appearances, behaviors, ND relationships.Adults may sometimes be frustrated by an adolescent who wants to attend a service from a different religion, dress in a nontraditional way, or hang out with a different set of friends. Although adolescents still need adult guidance, this experimentation and exploration of different possibilities of the self are considered essential in forming a healthy identity. Once an identity is established, it can be used to guide the individual's future actions. 2. Autonomy. At one time it was believed that adolescents needed to denunciative from adu lts and to completely separate from adult values to be emotionally healthy.Now researchers realize that a more appropriate goal is for adolescents to become autonomous, gaining ownership over their thoughts and behaviors, but to remain emotionally connected to others (Ryan & Lynch, 1989). Still, adults and adolescents must negotiate the timing and extent of this independence. In his expectancy-violation-realignment model, Collins (1990) suggests that the handing over of authority from adults to adolescents is a gradual process. Both parents and adolescents carry expectancies about how the other should behave (e. G. , an expectation that the adolescent will adhere to a refer).Times of rapid change, such as adolescence, lead to violations of expectations (e. G. , curfew is broken), resulting in conflict. To maintain the relationship (and any hope of influencing the adolescent in the future), the parent and adolescent need to resolve their conflict and realign their behavior (e. G. , a dolescent resolves never to break curfew again) or, more commonly, their expectations (e. G. , a new rule is created, stating that the adolescent must phone for a curfew extension). In this way, the relationship is maintained, and more and more control is gradually languished to the adolescent.Much of the conflict surrounding issues of autonomy concerns rather mundane issues such as hairstyle, clothing, and curfew (Steinberg, 1990). In a study of autonomy, Gamesman (1988) asked adolescents in the 6th, 8th, and 10th grades and their parents to think about 24 hypothetical situations and to decide whether the adolescent or the parent should be in control of the issue. Some of these issues concerned friendship (e. G. , when to see friends, who your friends are), personal matters (e. G. , watching television, choosing clothes), and prudential matters (e. G. Mocking, eating Junk food, drinking), while others concerned moral issues (e. G. , taking someone else's money). Not surprisingly, p arents and adolescents each believed that thoughtful retain control of most of the issues, with adolescents tending to view the issues as a matter of personal choice. However, both parents and adolescents agreed that parents should retain Jurisdiction when the issue was a moral one. So although adolescent striving for autonomy creates conflict within the family, most adolescents retain the values of their family and wish to maintain those relationships (Collins, 1997).In fact, very few adolescents (about 3% of girls and 5%-9% of boys) reject their parents outright (Router, Graham, Chadwick, & Yule, 1976). Instead, parents remain important figures in adolescents' lives and are valued for the aid and advice they provide (Farman & Burmese, 1992). Adolescents' desire for autonomy extends beyond the reach of the family and into the classroom. 3. Peer Relations. In the second decade of life adolescents begin to spend more time with their friends than they do with their parents (Larson, et al. , 1996).Friendships are a source of mutual understanding, intimacy, and commitment. Although friendships can be positive forces in adolescents' lives, adults have expressed concern about the role of peer pressure in adolescent behavior. Research shows that conformity to peers peaks in early to indolence's and is greatly diminished by late adolescence (Burned, 1979). In all stages of adolescence, however, the identity of one's friends influences behaviors (Hart & Stevens, 1997). Adolescents who have delinquent friends are much more likely to participate in delinquent acts than are other adolescents.It seems that delinquent adolescents not only select each other as rinds but also â€Å"train† each other in how to behave delinquently; one of the best predictors of desisting antisocial behavior is parting with friends who also engage in this behavior (Disunion, Andrews, & Crosby, 1995). Alternatively, having a group of friends who value academics may lead an adolescent to im prove his or her academic performance. Dating and romantic relationships have only recently begun to receive attention as important peer relationships in adolescents' lives (Brown, Fearing, Farman, 1999; Collins, 2003).

Advantages and disadvantages of the BBC Essays

Advantages and disadvantages of the BBC Essays Advantages and disadvantages of the BBC Essay Advantages and disadvantages of the BBC Essay With the growth of mass communication, travel and relocation, we now live in what has been called a global village. This new globalization and the cultural diversity it has created within nation states can also be seen as a threat to order as well as the above mentioned traditional family values, codes of good taste and decency. These perceived threats in turn lead to calls by both ordinary citizens and their governments for re-regulation. There is a built in conflict between change and order and it has become increasingly difficult for governments to get the balance right on regulation in the case of broadcast television as well as the media at large. BBC has to choose whether to stay home or move out to the global arena and compete globally. And this is the last dilemma they actually face. Now, the advantages of BBC for being a global player is: More growth under BBC brand reputation sustains: The BBC has been a global broadcaster through the world service since the early days of it development. International radio broadcasts began in 1932; by the end of the 20th century, the world service was broadcasting in over 40 languages to estimated audience of 151 million people around the world. BBC brand is one of the worlds most powerful brands, respected and trusted for its quality and integrity. The funding regulation role encourages the organization to compete for attracting more worldwide audiences. Which allow the BBC Worldwide to submit to utilize the brand in order to gain max. profits ,so the BBC success as a international broadcaster to exploit its programmes on the world market through developing and humanizing to gain the respect for both quality of its programmes and its independent, realistic reporting which become with the BBC responsibilities and that what make the BBC reputation grow worldwide. Attempt to enhance profits: the British governments have encouraged the development of the BBCs commercial activities to attempt to enhance the income. Under the direction of John Birts the expansion programme took off with new channels (e.g. BBC choice, BBC knowledge..) and alliances (e.g. the agreement with Discovery) that encouraged the corporations expansion into new markets, while serious investment in new technologies particularly digital and online- diminished the available funds for existing analogue service. Through the efforts of the commercial arm of the BBC- BBC Worldwide- they will have a remit to exploit the brand in order to gain maximum returns on the BBCs assets-its programmes- to generate revenues that are reinvested in public service programming. The disadvantages is: Uncertainty of success: to be a global player, BBC should consider some aspect in the international arena that the BBC did not do it before get into that filed which make me a faired that BBC has abilities to move from the local site to the global landscape productively. The BBC it self may not be able to have all the raw materials to use them in order to success in a highly competitive environment. It seems that the organization moved globally without an obvious strategy. They depended on their national successful to jump globally. Nevertheless, if they cannot manage to reach their target they could even loosen the national reputation especially after the ignorance of most of the minority interests of the U.K citizens. Therefore, they have to do the best they can to success or they will face a real problem. Loosing its nationwide identity: IN the way to inter the global landscape surly BBC will lose the concentration on the local arena it will lose some part of its pre-loyal audiences because of the global plan, it will focus on the global broadcaster. In the digital world of multimedia choice, the pressure on the BBC is greater than before to produce diverse programmes that assurance something for everyone even with low quality because the quantity is more important than the quality in commercial point of view. Most of those programmes are being produced for the global audience and being far away from the British tastes. People start to look at the BBC as a commercial company not public service broadcaster.  (word count: 1786) Q2: Based on the economic, organizational, socio-political and cultural features surrounding the BBC, which are outlined in the Case study, what is your advice to the top- level management of the BBC on the process of decision making which they should adopt in order to avoid making flawed decisions with respect to their response to the three strategic dilemmas?  No body denied that BBC has huge contribution on the British social life and culture both at national and international. Most of British citizens who want to see that contribution maintained into the multi-channel future. Which make the pressure on the BBC to change and adjust itself to the speedily changing demands of that future. The nation needs a BBC that delivers high standard, innovative broadcasting that nurtures British talent, which present the nation to itself, and that respects the contributions made by the other players in the media world. To fallow that changes needs right decision to avoid flawed decision to the organization has, decision-making is an important part of all managerial functions performed .BBC has to use the knowledge concentrated process that demands good management of information to produce a preferred process outcome. In taking decision-making I advice the top-manager in BBC to take in consideration the actual process of organizational decision making, which will not only avoid making flawed decisions with respect to their response to the three strategic dilemmas, also enhance the image of the BBC in the whole world the process of organizational decision making has the following: Organizational goals: which mean that the top manager in organization should consider how goals occur in an organization and how goals will change over time, and how they should act and respond to these changes of goals? In BBC the union members include managers, employees, stockholders, suppliers, clients, , tax collectors has one vision, that top manager have to take in consideration that the goals must deal effectively with the probable for internal goal conflicts existed in a coalition of diverse individuals and groups. Since the existence of unresolved conflicts among organizational stakeholders, which will reflect on the feature of the organizations, it is difficult to construct a useful descriptively exact suggestions of the organizational decision making process if they insist on internal goal consistency. My advice to the BBC top-manager is to adopt The Rational Model which consider decision unit behavior is reputed to be rational. Moreover, it assumes goal congruence and clarity which implies that all members of the decision making unit share a common goal and will collaborate to achieve this goal and that the goal is clearly defined and well understood by all members of the decision-making unit. The decision making process consists of problem recognition, formulation of alternative courses of action and selection of an alternative that accomplishes the predefined goal.

Construction Financial Essays

Construction Financial Essays Construction Financial Essay Construction Financial Essay Muhibbah had its beginnings in 1972 when it was incorporated as specialist in marine and civil engineering and construction company. In 1994 the company was listed on the Main Board of Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE). From 1994 to 2000 Muhibbah was ventured into overseas market in Australia, Germany, Thailand and Sudan. In 2003 the company received International Achievement Award from Malaysian Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) for recognition of involvement in oversea projects. In 2006 Muhibbah entered into overseas market in Yemen. Today, Muhibbah stands firm in the various discipline of engineering construction; such as construction of building structures, airport facilities, marine works, oil and gas, bridges and roads including provision of Intelligent Transportation System. Muhibbah is organised into four (4) core business segments which are Infrastructure Construction Division, Cranes Division, Shipyard Division and Concessions Division. The corporate structure is illustrated in figure 1. The company structure by core business segment and geographical segment are illustrated in figure 2 and 3. The infrastructure construction is the core business of Muhibbah group which contribute delivery 58% of the group income in year 2006. This segment engaged in construction projects, engineering contract works, oil and gas, and provision of technical assistance. A major achievement is the completion of the oil jetty at Horizon Oil Terminal in Jurong, Singapore had allows Muhibbah to tender for similar projects in the international market. In 2006, Muhibbah was successful in securing a contract from YEMGAS FZCO, Yemen LNG Jetty Works is the largest single project secured by the Group. In March 2007, the Group was awarded with the Petroleum Hub and Bunkering Facility project near Tanjung Pelepas. Muhibbah had success reinforced the reputation in amongst the global oil and gas companies and brought other opportunities to the Group as an integrated services provider for the oil and gas industry in all its core business divisions. Muhibbah also involved in cranes operation and its delivered 31% of the turnover to the group in year 2006. This division achieved a major milestone in its corporate restructuring with the listing of Favelle Favco Berhad to the Second Board of Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE) on 2006. The cranes segment is involved in the design, manufacture, supply, service and rental of cranes. The cranes divisions turnover significant increased further with continuing growth in offshore pedestal cranes from oil and gas companies worldwide and resurgence of strong demand for construction tower cranes. Shipyard Division The shipyard segment was contributed 11% of the group income in year 2006. This division has grown strongly and profitable over the years. The marine-ship building and ship repair segment provides ship building, ship repair, and marine-related services. Muhibbah have established good business relationships with reputable clients within the oil and gas related industry, with many repeat orders to build offshore vessels for the oil and gas industry. The continuing boom in the oil and gas industry increased the demand for offshore vessels to service the offshore platforms. This will be a good opportunity for the shipyard division to capitalise on the huge opportunities in the offshore oil and gas market for vessels. Concessions Division The concessions segment is an operator and concessionaire of airports, as well as provides operation and maintenance of roadways and bridges. The earnings for this segment are generated from Roadcare (M) S/B (Roadcare) and Societe Concessionaire de l Aeroport (SCA). SCA owns the exclusive rights for privatisation of international airports in Cambodia with concession periods up to 2040. Roadcare is principally involved in the maintenance and upgrading of roads, under a fifteen-year (15) concession period to maintain federal roads in the central states and the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia.

Solar Energy Systems Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Solar Energy Systems - Research Paper Example The available fossil fuel stocks are believed to be sufficient enough for thirty or forty years more if the consumptions continues in the present rate. Even though explorations are going on for finding out new fossil fuels sources, the outcomes are not much encouraging. In short, it is necessary for the mankind to identify alternate energy sources which are capable of replacing fossil fuels. Even though plenty of energy sources are in discussion for future use, all of them have some kind of drawbacks. The recent tsunami attack on Japan’s nuclear power stations and the subsequent problems raised many questions about the logic of relying heavily on nuclear power in future. Solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, geothermal energy, hydroelectric power etc are some of the other energy sources which are discussed at present as future energy source. However, solar energy seems to be alternate option in future when we consider its renewable nature. Chapo (2004) mentioned that â€Å"On a smaller scale, there are solar panel packs that fold out like a small ledger and are used to power up anything from laptops to cell phones† (Chapo). One of the most difficult problems associated with the utilization of solar energy is the problems in converting solar energy into other forms of useful energy. The current solar energy conversion technologies are extremely poor and therefore we can use it only for purposes like boiling water and in solar devices such as calculators, watches etc. In other words, the available technologies to convert solar energy into useful forms of energy are expensive now. This paper analyses different topics related to Solar Energy Systems. A solar collector consists of a network of pipes through which water (or in colder climates, antifreeze) is heated. Collectors come in various sizes, with 4 by 8 feet (1.2 x 2.4 m) the most common. The three most common mounting systems for solar

Help to the third world countries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Help to the third world countries - Essay Example US needs to change the way it gives donation from giving relief aid to education so that third world countries will become less dependent for foreign aid. When US provides more funds for education, it has the effect of reducing poverty thus making the aid lesser in the future because third world countries can already help themselves. Education teaches knowledge and skills that enables people to make a living that would better their lives and communities. Unlike giving relief aid, giving donation towards education has economic returns for the beneficiary. According to the article of Hugh Evans, the years added to the education of children has an equivalent of 0.37 percent. He also added that if secondary education is higher by 10 percent that the average, war is reduced by around 3 percent. This means that giving aid in education provides economic benefit as well as peace. It would even be better if the aid given to education is extended to young girls. In the same report of Evans, it showed that by educating young girls, it will also have the effect of lowering infant mortality rates. And since there are more babies growing to become adults, crop harvest increases because there are more help to do the harvest. It follows then that when there are more harvest, there is more income that will be earned by a family to improve their lives. The best way to do foreign aid is to focus it towards education. It is because it helps people help themselves and make them less dependent to others. Therefore, their benefit is more.

Am I A Good Match for My Current Nursing Position Term Paper

Am I A Good Match for My Current Nursing Position - Term Paper Example And when it comes to instrumental values, I hold dependability and trust very close to my heart. I highly value these structures which I set for myself in terms of my career aspirations and my personal growth. I firmly believe that these are the value structures which are adopted by people in the nursing field. I also believe that personal development is the key to improve self-knowledge, identity, talents as well as enhancing the quality of life.   For me, nursing is not a career but a way of life. I thrive hard to be the best that I can be through my personal development and dedication in my line of duty. I firmly believe that my skills are a good match with your current position through my progress, my recent strength quest analysis and my interviews with my supervisors. Summary of Strengths Quest Findings:   Through my strength quest activity, I come to a final conclusion that I have the abilities that it needs to be in my current position and it increases my confident that I am good match for my current nursing position. The strength insight reports reflect my development, positivity, empathy, input and individualization. In the developer section, it mentions that one of my strength is that I engage myself in group activities and projects which is extremely important in my line of work. It states that I find purpose or meaning in the simple things that money cannot buy. Nursing is all about giving, rising up to the challenge and communicating with other people comfortably. It also mentions that I have a playful spirit to tackle serious challenges and opportunities. In the positivity section, I did quite well. It states that I acknowledged newcomers or outsiders to my world easily  and that I am comfortable having a conversation with a stranger. It mentions that I am carefree, cheerful and easygoing. It also states that I have the ability to pull together massive informations, ideas or facts for later use. These are also important factors to become a great nurse. As a nurse one should be able to put on a cheerful face, have the zeal to learn more and be practical in life. In the Empathy section, what makes me stand out is my ability to detect impending conflict sooner than most people. I also have the gift for helping people in resolving their difference which makes me resolve others differences politely and courteously. It also mentions that I have the ability to calm those who are struggling with the uncertainty of change. This is very crucial in a nursing field as we have to deal with people suffering from various diseases on a daily basis. In the input section, what makes me stand out is my courage to express my doubts about certain ideas, theories or concept which is a pivotal instrument to gain knowledge. I also have the ability to put aside my emotions and calmly absorb information. I also enjoy the act of reading and collecting information. In the individualization section, what makes me stand out is my ability to identi fy talents, skills, knowledge, motivations of an individual. It also mentions that I am a willing person to help others around me and that I find life’s joy through helping someone in need. Supervisor’s View of an Effective Leader: In my interview with my supervisor, I found out her view about what leadership skills constitute to become an effective  leader. Leadership is not about having the power to control others or dominating other people.

Tragedy and Realism Essay Example for Free

Tragedy and Realism Essay John also portrays the tragic hero in The Crucible. His hanging shows the audience incredible strength and is incredibly admirable. The role of a tragic hero is filled by this character because John has not upheld morals as well previously in his life, shown by his affair with Abigail, but makes the right decision at the end of the play, and acts as a martyr to his cause, and dies merely due to an error of judgement, such as Mary Warrens confession and his believing in Elizabeths truthfulness. The play is written to be viewed as a slice of life or using the audience as the fourth wall where the action taking place does not involve the audience at all, with no asides directed towards them and as if the audience was not involved and was looking through a window at the lives of the characters. The appearance of reality draws on several different ideas to make it effective and believable. Unity of Time and Place is not one that The Crucible uses well. However, it is said that to effectively use this technique, the action should take place in real time. A play that takes place over three hours should take three hours to view. Millers piece does not do this as it takes place over three and a half months. Despite this; in relation to tragedy, the piece works well with the unity of time, action and place. The play uses place well as it does not take the action outside of an internal space another rule of The Appearance Of Reality; using only Paris house, Proctors house, the side room to the court and the prison cell as sets. Each of these are separated by acts, with each act taking place in a different set, minimising the amount of scene changes; this allows the audience to still feel involved with the play as a piece of realism because they are areas which almost belong to one or more of the characters. An example of this is Act 2 in Proctors house belonging to Proctor, so this does not break the spell of reality for the audience. Also, Reality beyond the stage space is used to create an air of realism, but again The Crucible does not completely apply to this rule as it not only makes mention of what has just happened, such as John planting the fields, but also of the past, such as Proctors and Abigails affair. Although, despite the reference to previous events, the only mentions of them are incredibly beneficial to the plot, therefore, working in conjunction with the tragic plot line. For example, the first communication between Abigail and Paris, discuss the happenings the night before in the woods, a particularly important part to the play as it outlines the entire reasoning for the witch trials initiating. Realistic Dialogue is greatly used in order to create a sense of a different time period. Miller uses dialogue from court records of the time, taking phrases and terms to make the time period come to life. This means that the characters use 17th century terms and dialogue, making the audience quickly adapt to, and accept the time in which the play is set. Examples of terms include Goody Proctor instead of Mrs Proctor or Miss Proctor and Aye rather than Yes. This also incorporates the idea of Realistic Characters, because the characters on the stage behave and, in a sense, show that they think the same way as real people in the 1600s would. For example, it was still the natural way of life for men to go out and work the fields while the women stayed at home and bore and raised the children. The play was also set within the time period when the slave trade was still around; allowing Titubas character to be looked down upon and spoken to in the way we see Paris doing in the scene with Hale where they are accusing Tituba of witchcraft. You will confess yourself, or I will take you outside and whip you outside and whip you to your death, Tituba. This shows the extent of the slavery at the time because this phrase is not reprimanded by any of the other characters present at the time. The use of accurate language and the building of these ideas, which an audience in modern day would know are historically accurate, allows the sense of the era to come alive, challenging the audiences morals because we know that this sort of treatment is wrong, but as you become more submerged in the play, you feel as if you are there and can understand the priests actions and feelings. The sub-text of the piece is what really involves the audience and makes them feel as if they are there. For example, although it is not outline clearly in the text, we can see Elizabeths struggle with her emotions for John. Her closed presentation of her character would allow us to see that she is almost a woman scorned, angry at his betrayal, but her willingness to try and help him do the right thing shows us that she is truly hurt by his actions and truly does love him as she has stayed with him and supported him. The aspect of Elizabeth and Johns conversation that deals with Johns affair with Abigail never directly mentions the affair, it is a sub-text, left to the audiences imagination to picture what happened, as they merely talk about the way Elizabeth has acted since and how John has earned the treatment. This also builds tension between the characters in a greater sense than it would had they been open and stated the facts about the affair. This sub-text is also explored at the beginning of Act 1 when Paris asks Abigail if her name is good in the village. The whole aspect of realism is deeply written in with the involvement of tragedy, allowing some aspects of a typical realistic piece to be diminished to allow for the tragedy to be involved. 1 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

Physical Education in Schools Essay examples -- Education, Teaching, P

Historical Context The purpose and approach to teaching and classroom management has considerably changed due to a variety of factors including government policies, developing research and scientific explanations for its benefits to children during their education (Lance et al, 2007). Mackenzie (2004) recalls on how in the Havoverian Period (1714-1790) play and sport, particularly in the education environment was largely ignored by the government. This lead to minimised use of it and Physical Education (PE) was a very irregular activity in schools. (Lance et al, 2007; Mackenzie, 2004). However, progressively school sport and activities within the teaching environment were developing (Mackenzie, 2004 [online]). Public schools became highly involved in competitive sporting events, and by 1940 school sport was being used as exercise with ‘creative physical training’ known for its multiple physical and mental benefits for the participant. Statutory expectations and overviews began to arise in the early 1900’s with a strong emphasis on the relationship between sporting skills, exercise and health benefits. The 1909 Syllabus of Physical Exercises (Board of Education, 1909) suggested that the educational benefits of Physical Education and School Sport were primarily moral and mental. Bailey et al (2006) states that this is the first indication of sport and exercise supporting the children in holistic ways. The 1909 syllabus explains that the moral benefits of exercise were improved behaviour and social skills, and the mental benefits being the development of the learning processes and opening opportunities for the child to learn. (Bailey et al, 2006) In 1944 physical education was established for its â€Å"educational value† (Mackenzie, ... ...es an increase in heart rate for a sustained amount of time is therefore the most beneficial towards children’s learning, however Dwyer et al (2001) found that although boys did benefit from this higher impact vigorous activity, girls benefited the most from calming, lower impact activities that involved stretching and cross-body co-ordination such as yoga. Smith (2001) backs this in the exercise programme ‘Move It Brain Breaks’ where some of the exercises do not require an increased heart rate, but activities such as ‘stretchers’ and ‘lateralizers’ which involve the use of brain and body functions which are not naturally used together; as in Brain Gym () exercises. Smith (2001) suggests that particularly ‘lateralizers’ should be part of the everyday teaching repertoire to balance children, and co-ordinate their brain and body before learning. (Smith, 2001:11).

Essay --

Scott Derrickson’s Sinister is a popular movie which is well-known by the public. It is renowned for its extremely horrifying storyline. While not only being a horror flick, this film belongs to the genre of thriller too. This movie is disturbing, as it is filled to the brim with unusual killings, and also not forgetting the supernatural elements embedded in it. The director, Scott Derrickson, who is notable for directing many popular horror films, wrote this screenplay with the genius concept of using a â€Å"found footage† that he is sure will trigger the audiences’ curiosity. Derrickson has a really good skill set for horror. He loves the idea of elevating the genre beyond the norm. The inspiration for Derrickson to film this movie happened when he had a nightmare about going up into his attic and finding a box of Super 8 films about ghastly murders. He had been noodling around with a story based on that ever since. The theme of this movie is an unexpected one as no one would have foreseen something so serious to happen out of something so small. The main character, Ellison Ostwalt, played by Ethan Hawke, relays the theme really well in the movie. He is devoured by his drive and determination to return to his professional glory that he unintentionally put himself and his loved ones in danger. Derrickson uses selfishness as the theme to remind the audience how this attitude can lead to unpleasant consequences. Ellison Ostwalt’s selfishness in the movie â€Å"Sinister† brought upon tragedy to his family in various ways. Ellison Ostwalt, a true crime writer, is on his last fumes of fame after his best-selling book, â€Å"Kentucky Blood†. He is tired of not having as much popularity. As such, he is determined ... ... has correctly implied the theme in this film. This movie teaches us to not be so self-centered but to show a more caring attitude to the people surrounding us. Of course, it is important to always have the initiative to improvise and improve in whatever we are doing and in this case, our career, but only to a certain extent. Honesty is also very important as honesty and trust are one of the many fundamental principles in maintaining a loving and caring family. As they say, honesty is the best policy. For instance, Ellison lied to his wife and hid the information about the haunted house from his family. This action has caused many consequences to all of them. Therefore, being honest is necessary too. Sinister has conveyed the theme as a message to the audience of how important is it to not be so self-conscious and to remain grounded and unselfish.